Saudi Arabia hears Global Criticism on Human Rights at U.N. in Geneva

Comprehensive review at the United Nations Human Rights Council in Geneva, Saudi Arabia came under global scrutiny for its human rights record, covering issues such as women’s freedoms, freedom of speech, the death penalty, and alleged killings of migrants at the Yemeni border. The kingdom’s first formal review since November 2018 saw the Saudi delegation highlighting over 50 reforms favoring women, including the abolition of flogging, the cessation of executions for minors, and enhanced legal protection for migrant workers.

Hala Al Tuwaijri, president of the Saudi national human rights commission, asserted that these reforms demonstrated “relentless” progress, especially during the Vision 2030 plan to modernize Saudi society and transition to a post-oil economy led by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman.

However, during the 3 1/2-hour session, numerous countries expressed concerns and urged further actions. Germany acknowledged Saudi Arabia’s efforts to improve women’s rights but pointed out “serious restrictions” on freedom of expression, assembly, and the press. The United States specifically called for an investigation into alleged killings and abuses of migrants at the Yemeni border, emphasizing the need for accountability.

Austria echoed the concerns about migrant killings and recommended addressing remaining issues related to male guardianship that hinder the progress, empowerment, and equality of women. Other countries, such as Australia and Iceland, raised concerns about the exploitation of migrant workers, lack of transparency in judicial proceedings, and the need for legal changes to criminalize marital rape and decriminalize same-sex conduct.

Saudi Arabia did find support from countries like Morocco, Bahrain, and Qatar, while China praised the kingdom’s “efforts and achievements” in promoting and protecting human rights. Yemen commended Saudi Arabia’s fight against corruption, which it believed undermined human rights protection.

The session, which delved into a range of issues, did not touch upon accusations of “sportswashing,” despite Saudi Arabia’s significant investments in sports, including the LIV Golf project and hosting major soccer events. However, Jordan suggested that sports events hosted by the kingdom could potentially “promote the culture of human rights.”

As the Human Rights Council concluded the meeting, it set a target for February 9 to compile a comprehensive report summarizing the discussions, incorporating inputs from the Saudi state, U.N. agencies, and NGOs, including Human Rights Watch. The outcomes of this review will contribute to the ongoing dialogue on Saudi Arabia’s commitment to human rights and its progress in implementing reforms.